Configuration

Complete reference for configuring Hindsight services through environment variables.

Hindsight has two services, each with its own configuration prefix:

Service	Prefix	Description
API Service	HINDSIGHT_API_*	Core memory engine
Control Plane	HINDSIGHT_CP_*	Web UI

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API Service

The API service handles all memory operations (retain, recall, reflect).

Database

Variable	Description	Default
HINDSIGHT_API_DATABASE_URL	PostgreSQL connection string	pg0 (embedded)
HINDSIGHT_API_RUN_MIGRATIONS_ON_STARTUP	Run database migrations on API startup	true

If not provided, the server uses embedded pg0 — convenient for development but not recommended for production.

Database Connection Pool

Variable	Description	Default
HINDSIGHT_API_DB_POOL_MIN_SIZE	Minimum connections in the pool	5
HINDSIGHT_API_DB_POOL_MAX_SIZE	Maximum connections in the pool	100
HINDSIGHT_API_DB_COMMAND_TIMEOUT	PostgreSQL command timeout in seconds	60
HINDSIGHT_API_DB_ACQUIRE_TIMEOUT	Connection acquisition timeout in seconds	30

For high-concurrency workloads, increase DB_POOL_MAX_SIZE. Each concurrent recall/think operation can use 2-4 connections.

To run migrations manually (e.g., before starting the API), use the admin CLI:

hindsight-admin run-db-migration
# Or for a specific schema:
hindsight-admin run-db-migration --schema tenant_acme

LLM Provider

Variable	Description	Default
HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_PROVIDER	Provider: openai, anthropic, gemini, groq, ollama, lmstudio	openai
HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_API_KEY	API key for LLM provider	-
HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_MODEL	Model name	gpt-5-mini
HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_BASE_URL	Custom LLM endpoint	Provider default
HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_MAX_CONCURRENT	Max concurrent LLM requests	32
HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_TIMEOUT	LLM request timeout in seconds	120
HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_GROQ_SERVICE_TIER	Groq service tier: on_demand, flex, auto	auto

Provider Examples

# Groq (recommended for fast inference)
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_PROVIDER=groq
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_API_KEY=gsk_xxxxxxxxxxxx
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_MODEL=openai/gpt-oss-20b
# For free tier users: override to on_demand if you get service_tier errors
# export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_GROQ_SERVICE_TIER=on_demand

# OpenAI
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_PROVIDER=openai
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_API_KEY=sk-xxxxxxxxxxxx
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_MODEL=gpt-4o

# Gemini
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_PROVIDER=gemini
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_API_KEY=xxxxxxxxxxxx
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_MODEL=gemini-2.0-flash

# Anthropic
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_PROVIDER=anthropic
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_API_KEY=sk-ant-xxxxxxxxxxxx
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_MODEL=claude-sonnet-4-20250514

# Ollama (local, no API key)
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_PROVIDER=ollama
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_BASE_URL=http://localhost:11434/v1
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_MODEL=llama3

# LM Studio (local, no API key)
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_PROVIDER=lmstudio
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_BASE_URL=http://localhost:1234/v1
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_MODEL=your-local-model

# OpenAI-compatible endpoint
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_PROVIDER=openai
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_BASE_URL=https://your-endpoint.com/v1
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_API_KEY=your-api-key
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_MODEL=your-model-name

Per-Operation LLM Configuration

Different memory operations have different requirements. Retain (fact extraction) benefits from models with strong structured output capabilities, while Reflect (reasoning/response generation) can use lighter, faster models. Configure separate LLM models for each operation to optimize for cost and performance.

Variable	Description	Default
HINDSIGHT_API_RETAIN_LLM_PROVIDER	LLM provider for retain operations	Falls back to HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_PROVIDER
HINDSIGHT_API_RETAIN_LLM_API_KEY	API key for retain LLM	Falls back to HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_API_KEY
HINDSIGHT_API_RETAIN_LLM_MODEL	Model for retain operations	Falls back to HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_MODEL
HINDSIGHT_API_RETAIN_LLM_BASE_URL	Base URL for retain LLM	Falls back to HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_BASE_URL
HINDSIGHT_API_REFLECT_LLM_PROVIDER	LLM provider for reflect operations	Falls back to HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_PROVIDER
HINDSIGHT_API_REFLECT_LLM_API_KEY	API key for reflect LLM	Falls back to HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_API_KEY
HINDSIGHT_API_REFLECT_LLM_MODEL	Model for reflect operations	Falls back to HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_MODEL
HINDSIGHT_API_REFLECT_LLM_BASE_URL	Base URL for reflect LLM	Falls back to HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_BASE_URL

When to Use Per-Operation Config

• Retain: Use models with strong structured output (e.g., GPT-4o, Claude) for accurate fact extraction
• Reflect: Use faster/cheaper models (e.g., GPT-4o-mini, Groq) for reasoning and response generation
• Recall: Does not use LLM (pure retrieval), so no configuration needed

Example: Separate Models for Retain and Reflect

# Default LLM (used as fallback)
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_PROVIDER=openai
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_API_KEY=sk-xxxxxxxxxxxx
export HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_MODEL=gpt-4o

# Use GPT-4o for retain (strong structured output)
export HINDSIGHT_API_RETAIN_LLM_MODEL=gpt-4o

# Use faster/cheaper model for reflect
export HINDSIGHT_API_REFLECT_LLM_PROVIDER=groq
export HINDSIGHT_API_REFLECT_LLM_API_KEY=gsk_xxxxxxxxxxxx
export HINDSIGHT_API_REFLECT_LLM_MODEL=llama-3.3-70b-versatile

Embeddings

Variable	Description	Default
HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_PROVIDER	Provider: local, tei, openai, cohere, or litellm	local
HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_LOCAL_MODEL	Model for local provider	BAAI/bge-small-en-v1.5
HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_TEI_URL	TEI server URL	-
HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_OPENAI_API_KEY	OpenAI API key (falls back to HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_API_KEY)	-
HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_OPENAI_MODEL	OpenAI embedding model	text-embedding-3-small
HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_OPENAI_BASE_URL	Custom base URL for OpenAI-compatible API (e.g., Azure OpenAI)	-
HINDSIGHT_API_COHERE_API_KEY	Cohere API key (shared for embeddings and reranker)	-
HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_COHERE_MODEL	Cohere embedding model	embed-english-v3.0
HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_COHERE_BASE_URL	Custom base URL for Cohere-compatible API (e.g., Azure-hosted)	-
HINDSIGHT_API_LITELLM_API_BASE	LiteLLM proxy base URL (shared for embeddings and reranker)	http://localhost:4000
HINDSIGHT_API_LITELLM_API_KEY	LiteLLM proxy API key (optional, depends on proxy config)	-
HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_LITELLM_MODEL	LiteLLM embedding model (use provider prefix, e.g., cohere/embed-english-v3.0)	text-embedding-3-small

# Local (default) - uses SentenceTransformers
export HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_PROVIDER=local
export HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_LOCAL_MODEL=BAAI/bge-small-en-v1.5

# OpenAI - cloud-based embeddings
export HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_PROVIDER=openai
export HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_OPENAI_API_KEY=sk-xxxxxxxxxxxx  # or reuses HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_API_KEY
export HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_OPENAI_MODEL=text-embedding-3-small  # 1536 dimensions

# Azure OpenAI - embeddings via Azure endpoint
export HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_PROVIDER=openai
export HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_OPENAI_API_KEY=your-azure-api-key
export HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_OPENAI_MODEL=text-embedding-3-small
export HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_OPENAI_BASE_URL=https://your-resource.openai.azure.com/openai/deployments/your-deployment

# TEI - HuggingFace Text Embeddings Inference (recommended for production)
export HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_PROVIDER=tei
export HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_TEI_URL=http://localhost:8080

# Cohere - cloud-based embeddings
export HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_PROVIDER=cohere
export HINDSIGHT_API_COHERE_API_KEY=your-api-key
export HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_COHERE_MODEL=embed-english-v3.0  # 1024 dimensions

# Azure-hosted Cohere - embeddings via custom endpoint
export HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_PROVIDER=cohere
export HINDSIGHT_API_COHERE_API_KEY=your-azure-api-key
export HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_COHERE_MODEL=embed-english-v3.0
export HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_COHERE_BASE_URL=https://your-azure-cohere-endpoint.com

# LiteLLM proxy - unified gateway for multiple providers
export HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_PROVIDER=litellm
export HINDSIGHT_API_LITELLM_API_BASE=http://localhost:4000
export HINDSIGHT_API_LITELLM_API_KEY=your-litellm-key  # optional
export HINDSIGHT_API_EMBEDDINGS_LITELLM_MODEL=text-embedding-3-small  # or cohere/embed-english-v3.0

Embedding Dimensions

Hindsight automatically detects the embedding dimension from the model at startup and adjusts the database schema accordingly. The default model (BAAI/bge-small-en-v1.5) produces 384-dimensional vectors, while OpenAI models produce 1536 or 3072 dimensions.

Dimension Changes

Once memories are stored, you cannot change the embedding dimension without losing data. If you need to switch to a model with different dimensions:

1. Empty database: The schema is adjusted automatically on startup
2. Existing data: Either delete all memories first, or use a model with matching dimensions

Supported OpenAI embedding dimensions:

• text-embedding-3-small: 1536 dimensions
• text-embedding-3-large: 3072 dimensions
• text-embedding-ada-002: 1536 dimensions (legacy)

Reranker

Variable	Description	Default
HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_PROVIDER	Provider: local, tei, cohere, flashrank, litellm, or rrf	local
HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_LOCAL_MODEL	Model for local provider	cross-encoder/ms-marco-MiniLM-L-6-v2
HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_LOCAL_MAX_CONCURRENT	Max concurrent local reranking (prevents CPU thrashing under load)	4
HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_TEI_URL	TEI server URL	-
HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_TEI_BATCH_SIZE	Batch size for TEI reranking	128
HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_TEI_MAX_CONCURRENT	Max concurrent TEI reranking requests	8
HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_COHERE_MODEL	Cohere rerank model	rerank-english-v3.0
HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_COHERE_BASE_URL	Custom base URL for Cohere-compatible API (e.g., Azure-hosted)	-
HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_LITELLM_MODEL	LiteLLM rerank model (use provider prefix, e.g., cohere/rerank-english-v3.0)	cohere/rerank-english-v3.0

# Local (default) - uses SentenceTransformers CrossEncoder
export HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_PROVIDER=local
export HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_LOCAL_MODEL=cross-encoder/ms-marco-MiniLM-L-6-v2

# TEI - for high-performance inference
export HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_PROVIDER=tei
export HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_TEI_URL=http://localhost:8081

# Cohere - cloud-based reranking
export HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_PROVIDER=cohere
export HINDSIGHT_API_COHERE_API_KEY=your-api-key  # shared with embeddings
export HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_COHERE_MODEL=rerank-english-v3.0

# Azure-hosted Cohere - reranking via custom endpoint
export HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_PROVIDER=cohere
export HINDSIGHT_API_COHERE_API_KEY=your-azure-api-key
export HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_COHERE_MODEL=rerank-english-v3.0
export HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_COHERE_BASE_URL=https://your-azure-cohere-endpoint.com

# LiteLLM proxy - unified gateway for multiple reranking providers
export HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_PROVIDER=litellm
export HINDSIGHT_API_LITELLM_API_BASE=http://localhost:4000
export HINDSIGHT_API_LITELLM_API_KEY=your-litellm-key  # optional
export HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_LITELLM_MODEL=cohere/rerank-english-v3.0  # or voyage/rerank-2, together_ai/...

LiteLLM supports multiple reranking providers via the /rerank endpoint:

• Cohere (cohere/rerank-english-v3.0, cohere/rerank-multilingual-v3.0)
• Together AI (together_ai/...)
• Voyage AI (voyage/rerank-2)
• Jina AI (jina_ai/...)
• AWS Bedrock (bedrock/...)

Authentication

By default, Hindsight runs without authentication. For production deployments, enable API key authentication using the built-in tenant extension:

# Enable the built-in API key authentication
export HINDSIGHT_API_TENANT_EXTENSION=hindsight_api.extensions.builtin.tenant:ApiKeyTenantExtension
export HINDSIGHT_API_TENANT_API_KEY=your-secret-api-key

When enabled, all requests must include the API key in the Authorization header:

curl -H "Authorization: Bearer your-secret-api-key" \
  http://localhost:8888/v1/default/banks

Requests without a valid API key receive a 401 Unauthorized response.

Custom Authentication

For advanced authentication (JWT, OAuth, multi-tenant schemas), implement a custom TenantExtension. See the Extensions documentation for details.

Server

Variable	Description	Default
HINDSIGHT_API_HOST	Bind address	0.0.0.0
HINDSIGHT_API_PORT	Server port	8888
HINDSIGHT_API_WORKERS	Number of uvicorn worker processes	1
HINDSIGHT_API_LOG_LEVEL	Log level: debug, info, warning, error	info
HINDSIGHT_API_MCP_ENABLED	Enable MCP server at /mcp/{bank_id}/	true

Retrieval

Variable	Description	Default
HINDSIGHT_API_GRAPH_RETRIEVER	Graph retrieval algorithm: link_expansion, mpfp, or bfs	link_expansion
HINDSIGHT_API_RECALL_MAX_CONCURRENT	Max concurrent recall operations per worker (backpressure)	32
HINDSIGHT_API_RERANKER_MAX_CANDIDATES	Max candidates to rerank per recall (RRF pre-filters the rest)	300

Graph Retrieval Algorithms

• link_expansion (default): Fast, simple graph expansion from semantic seeds via entity co-occurrence and causal links. Target latency under 100ms. Recommended for most use cases.
• mpfp: Multi-Path Fact Propagation - iterative graph traversal with activation spreading. More thorough but slower.
• bfs: Breadth-first search from seed facts. Simple but less effective for large graphs.

Entity Observations

Controls when the system generates entity observations (summaries about entities mentioned in retained content).

Variable	Description	Default
HINDSIGHT_API_OBSERVATION_MIN_FACTS	Minimum facts about an entity before generating observations	5
HINDSIGHT_API_OBSERVATION_TOP_ENTITIES	Max entities to process per retain batch	5

Retain

Controls the retain (memory ingestion) pipeline.

Variable	Description	Default
HINDSIGHT_API_RETAIN_MAX_COMPLETION_TOKENS	Max completion tokens for fact extraction LLM calls	64000
HINDSIGHT_API_RETAIN_CHUNK_SIZE	Max characters per chunk for fact extraction. Larger chunks extract fewer LLM calls but may lose context.	3000
HINDSIGHT_API_RETAIN_EXTRACTION_MODE	Fact extraction mode: concise (selective, fewer high-quality facts) or verbose (detailed, more facts)	concise
HINDSIGHT_API_RETAIN_EXTRACT_CAUSAL_LINKS	Extract causal relationships between facts	true
HINDSIGHT_API_RETAIN_OBSERVATIONS_ASYNC	Run entity observation generation asynchronously (after retain completes)	false

Extraction Modes

The extraction mode controls how aggressively facts are extracted from content:

• concise (default): Selective extraction that focuses on significant, long-term valuable facts. Filters out greetings, filler, and trivial information. Produces fewer but higher-quality facts with better performance.

• verbose: Detailed extraction that captures every piece of information with maximum verbosity. Produces more facts with extensive detail but slower performance and higher token usage.

Local MCP Server

Configuration for the local MCP server (hindsight-local-mcp command).

Variable	Description	Default
HINDSIGHT_API_MCP_LOCAL_BANK_ID	Memory bank ID for local MCP	mcp
HINDSIGHT_API_MCP_INSTRUCTIONS	Additional instructions appended to retain/recall tool descriptions	-

# Example: instruct MCP to also store assistant actions
export HINDSIGHT_API_MCP_INSTRUCTIONS="Also store every action you take, including tool calls and decisions made."

Distributed Workers

Configuration for background task processing. By default, the API processes tasks internally. For high-throughput deployments, run dedicated workers. See Services - Worker Service for details.

Variable	Description	Default
HINDSIGHT_API_WORKER_ENABLED	Enable internal worker in API process	true
HINDSIGHT_API_WORKER_ID	Unique worker identifier	hostname
HINDSIGHT_API_WORKER_POLL_INTERVAL_MS	Database polling interval in milliseconds	500
HINDSIGHT_API_WORKER_BATCH_SIZE	Tasks to claim per poll cycle	10
HINDSIGHT_API_WORKER_MAX_RETRIES	Max retries before marking task failed	3
HINDSIGHT_API_WORKER_HTTP_PORT	HTTP port for worker metrics/health (worker CLI only)	8889

Performance Optimization

Variable	Description	Default
HINDSIGHT_API_SKIP_LLM_VERIFICATION	Skip LLM connection check on startup	false
HINDSIGHT_API_LAZY_RERANKER	Lazy-load reranker model (faster startup)	false

Programmatic Configuration

You can also configure the API programmatically using MemoryEngine.from_env():

from hindsight_api import MemoryEngine

memory = MemoryEngine.from_env()
await memory.initialize()

---

Control Plane

The Control Plane is the web UI for managing memory banks.

Variable	Description	Default
HINDSIGHT_CP_DATAPLANE_API_URL	URL of the API service	http://localhost:8888

# Point Control Plane to a remote API service
export HINDSIGHT_CP_DATAPLANE_API_URL=http://api.example.com:8888

---

Example .env File

# API Service
HINDSIGHT_API_DATABASE_URL=postgresql://hindsight:hindsight_dev@localhost:5432/hindsight
HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_PROVIDER=groq
HINDSIGHT_API_LLM_API_KEY=gsk_xxxxxxxxxxxx

# Authentication (optional, recommended for production)
# HINDSIGHT_API_TENANT_EXTENSION=hindsight_api.extensions.builtin.tenant:ApiKeyTenantExtension
# HINDSIGHT_API_TENANT_API_KEY=your-secret-api-key

# Control Plane
HINDSIGHT_CP_DATAPLANE_API_URL=http://localhost:8888

---

For configuration issues not covered here, please open an issue on GitHub.